Bare Act Lookup
Search commonly litigated sections across the Contract Act, Limitation Act, CPC, NI Act, TP Act, Specific Relief Act, and Evidence Act.
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This sample covers 30+ commonly litigated sections from 7 Acts. For the full bare-act corpus, annotated with 72,000+ Supreme Court and High Court judgments, try Niyam.
About this tool
This tool provides a curated, searchable sample of sections from seven foundational Indian statutes. It is designed for quick reference during research — to recall the gist of a provision without having to open a separate browser tab. The text is paraphrased and condensed; it is not verbatim statute text.
For any proceeding-critical use, always verify against:
- The official Gazette of India (egazette.gov.in) for Central Acts
- India Code (indiacode.nic.in) for consolidated Act text
- State Gazette for state-level amendments
The seven Acts covered
- ICA 1872Indian Contract Act, 1872
- Governs the formation, validity, and enforcement of contracts in India. Sections on free consent, consideration, void agreements, breach, and damages are the most frequently litigated.
- LA 1963Limitation Act, 1963
- Prescribes the period within which suits, appeals, and applications must be filed. Sections 3–5 (bar, court holiday extension, condonation), 12 (exclusion of first day), and 17 (fraud) are the anchor provisions.
- CPC 1908Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
- Procedural code for civil courts. Sections 9 (jurisdiction), 11 (res judicata), 34 (interest), and 89 (ADR reference) are among the most frequently invoked.
- NI Act 1881Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
- Governs cheques, bills of exchange, and promissory notes. Section 138 (cheque dishonour offence) and Sections 139, 141, and 142 are the backbone of a high volume of criminal and civil proceedings.
- TP Act 1882Transfer of Property Act, 1882
- Governs transfers of immovable and movable property. Sections 54 (sale), 58 (mortgage), and related provisions are central to property litigation.
- SRA 1963Specific Relief Act, 1963
- Governs specific performance of contracts and injunctions. The 2018 Amendment (Act 18 of 2018) significantly changed Section 10, making specific performance generally available as of right rather than discretion.
- IEA 1872Indian Evidence Act, 1872
- Governs the admissibility and proof of facts in civil and criminal proceedings. Note: replaced by the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) from 1 July 2024 for proceedings under the new criminal codes.
Frequently asked questions
No. This tool contains a curated sample of 30+ commonly litigated sections from 7 Acts. The text is paraphrased/condensed for quick reference — not verbatim statute text. For the authoritative text, refer to the official Gazette or a verified bare-act publication.
The curated sample covers: Indian Contract Act 1872, Limitation Act 1963, Code of Civil Procedure 1908, Negotiable Instruments Act 1881, Transfer of Property Act 1882, Specific Relief Act 1963, and Indian Evidence Act 1872.
The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) replaced the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 with effect from 1 July 2024. This tool currently contains sections from the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. For proceedings governed by BSA, verify the corresponding section in the new Act.
The Ministry of Law and Justice maintains the India Code portal (indiacode.nic.in) with the full text of all Central Acts. For case-law cross-referenced sections — 72,000+ judgments annotated against statutes — use Niyam.
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