M.K. Ranjitsinh vs Union Of India

The Supreme Court emphasized the urgent need to protect the Great Indian Bustard (GIB) and the Lesser Florican, both critically endangered species, under Article 21 of the Constitution, which guarantees the right to a healthy environment. The Court recognized the significant threats to these species, including habitat loss and climate change, and mandated immediate conservation actions to prevent their extinction. The judgment reinforces the legal obligation of the state to ensure environmental protection and biodiversity conservation.