B.K.Pavitra & Ors vs Union Of India & Ors

The Supreme Court upheld the Karnataka Determination of Seniority of the Government Servants Promoted on the Basis of Reservation Act, 2002, affirming its constitutional validity under the Constitution (Seventy-seventh to Eighty-fifth Amendments). The Court established that the State must demonstrate compelling reasons such as backwardness and inadequacy of representation to justify reservation in promotions for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The High Court's ruling validating the Act was confirmed, emphasizing the need for administrative efficiency in implementing such reservations.