PRAVASI BHALAI SANGATHAN vs U.O.I. .

The Supreme Court, while exercising its jurisdiction under Article 32 of the Constitution, addressed the issue of hate speeches made by public representatives, holding that such speeches violate Articles 14, 15, 16, 19, and 21, which protect equality, non-discrimination, and personal liberty. The Court emphasized that fraternity is part of the Constitution's basic structure and mandated the registration of FIRs against authors of hate speeches, along with the imposition of gag orders and suspension of membership from legislative bodies pending criminal proceedings. The Court directed the government to take stringent actions to curb hate speech and ensure speedy disposal of related cases.