Pravasi Bhalai Sangathan vs U.O.I. & Ors

The Supreme Court addressed the issue of hate speeches made by political and religious leaders, holding that such speeches violate Articles 14, 15, 16, 19, and 21 of the Constitution, which protect equality, non-discrimination, freedom of speech, and personal liberty. The Court emphasized the need for stringent action against hate speech to uphold the unity and integrity of the nation, declaring that fraternity is part of the Constitution's basic structure. The Court directed the government to take proactive measures, including the registration of FIRs and the imposition of gag orders on offenders, to ensure accountability and prompt legal proceedings.