Vishwa Lochan Madan vs Union Of India & Ors

The Supreme Court addressed the legality of the All India Muslim Personal Law Board's establishment of Dar-ul-Qazas, asserting that such parallel judicial systems violate the Constitution of India. The Court emphasized that adjudication of disputes is a sovereign function that cannot be delegated to non-state entities, thereby declaring the activities of the Board as unconstitutional. The Court held that fatwas issued by these bodies lack enforceability within the Indian legal framework, reinforcing the supremacy of the Constitution over religious edicts.