MINERAL AREA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY ETC. vs M/S STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA .

The Supreme Court addressed the distribution of legislative powers concerning mines and minerals, emphasizing the need for a harmonious interpretation of the Constitution. The Court held that both the Centre and the States have concurrent powers under Entry 54 of List I and Entry 23 of List II of the Seventh Schedule, thus establishing that legislative competence must be exercised in a manner that respects the federal structure. The judgment clarified the scope of regulatory authority over mineral resources, reinforcing the principle of cooperative federalism.