GLANROCK ESTATE (P) LTD. vs THE STATE OF TAMIL NADU

The Supreme Court examined the constitutional validity of the Constitution (Thirty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1974, which inserted the Gudalur Janmam Estates (Abolition and Conversion into Ryotwari) Act, 1969 into the Ninth Schedule. The Court reaffirmed the doctrine of basic structure, holding that amendments affecting fundamental rights must not alter the basic structure of the Constitution as established in Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973) 4 SCC 225. The Court ultimately upheld the validity of the Amendment Act, emphasizing the importance of agrarian reform under Article 31A.