Mahanadi Coal Fields Ltd. & Anr vs Mathias Oram & Ors

The Supreme Court emphasized the importance of balancing economic development with social justice, particularly in the context of mining operations that require the relocation of indigenous populations. The judgment reflects on the constitutional mandate to ensure equality and the need to address the contradictions in India's socio-economic landscape as highlighted by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. The Court underscored that while development is crucial, it must not come at the cost of displacing communities without adequate compensation and rehabilitation, aligning with Article 21 of the Constitution which guarantees the right to life and personal liberty.