M/S MOHINDER SINGH & CO. vs BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE PORT OF BOMBAY

The Supreme Court ruled that under Article 21 of the Constitution, the right to life includes the right to a clean environment, emphasizing the state's duty to protect and improve the environment for the health and well-being of its citizens. The Court held that environmental degradation violates the fundamental right to life, and thus, the state must take proactive measures to prevent pollution and ensure sustainable development. The judgment reinforces the principle that environmental protection is integral to the right to life and health.