ISLAMIC ACADEMY OF EDUCATION vs STATE OF KARNATAKA .

The Supreme Court clarified the interpretation of the majority judgment in T.M.A. Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka, emphasizing that the ratio decidendi must be derived from the entire judgment rather than isolated answers to framed questions. The Court held that the understanding of the judgment by various parties led to confusion and litigation, necessitating this clarification. The Court reaffirmed that the principles laid down in the majority judgment must be read in context to avoid misinterpretation, thereby ensuring a uniform application of the law regarding minority educational institutions under Article 30 of the Constitution.