Union Of India vs K. M. Shankarappa

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutional validity of Sections 3(1), 4(1), 5D, and 7(1) of the Cinematograph Act, 1952, while declaring portions of Section 6(1) unconstitutional, as it allowed the Central Government to retain excessive control over the Tribunal's decisions, infringing on the right to a fair appeal process. The Court emphasized the need for an independent Tribunal to enhance public confidence in the adjudication of film-related matters. The judgment reinforces the principle that governmental powers should not undermine judicial independence in quasi-judicial functions.