ESCORTS LIMITED AND ANR. ETC. ETC. vs UNION OF INDIA AND ORS.

The Supreme Court examined the retrospective amendment of Section 35(2) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, which allowed for the entire capital expenditure on scientific research to be deducted in one year, instead of over five years. The Court held that this amendment did not violate Articles 14, 19(1)(g), and 300-A of the Constitution, as it did not impose an unreasonable or oppressive burden on the assessee. The judgment clarified the nature and effect of the amendment, affirming that it was permissible under the law and did not create new obligations contrary to the established provisions.