TEKRAJ VASANDI ALIAS K.L. BASANDHI vs UNION OF INDIA & OTHERS

The Supreme Court addressed whether the Indian Council of Parliamentary Studies (I.C.P.S.) qualifies as 'State' under Article 12 of the Constitution. The Court held that I.C.P.S. does not constitute 'State' as it is a registered society with objectives not confined to governmental functions, and its association with Parliament does not equate to being an authority under government control. The dismissal order against the appellant was set aside, allowing for a fresh opportunity to address the charges against him.