RAM NARAYAN AGARWAL ETC ETC. vs STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH & OTHERS

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutional validity of the recovery procedure under the U.P. Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950, stating it does not violate Articles 14, 19(1)(d), and 21 of the Constitution. The Court clarified that while warrants of arrest could be issued for tax recovery, the procedure must comply with Rule 251, which requires an inquiry into the necessity of detention. The Court also ruled that Article 11 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights is not applicable as it has not been incorporated into Indian law and pertains to contractual debts.