JOHN DOUGLAS KEITH BROWN vs STATE OF WEST BENGAL

The Supreme Court held that under Section 52 of the Factories Act, 1948, both the manager and the 'occupier' are liable for contraventions, as the prohibition against requiring adult workers to work on the first day of the week is general and not confined to the manager. The Court clarified that the occupier, having actual knowledge of the manager's actions that violated Section 52, is guilty under Section 92 for the contravention. The conviction of the appellant was upheld, confirming the liability of the occupier in such cases.