RANJIT SINGH vs THE STATE OF PUNJAB

The Supreme Court upheld the conviction of a sub-Inspector of Police under Section 193 IPC for filing a false affidavit in a habeas corpus application. The Court ruled that the obligation to file an affidavit does not negate liability under Section 191 IPC, as the accused voluntarily affirmed the affidavit under oath. It clarified that even statements made based on belief can be punishable under Section 193 IPC, thus affirming the lower court's decision.