UNION OF INDIA vs T. R. VARMA.

The Supreme Court held that Article 311(2) of the Constitution of India mandates that a government servant must be given a reasonable opportunity to present their case before dismissal. The Court clarified that the Indian Evidence Act does not apply to departmental inquiries, and as long as the principles of natural justice are observed, the inquiry is valid. The Court upheld the dismissal order, stating that the respondent was given a full opportunity to present evidence, thus rejecting the writ petition under Article 226 due to the availability of an alternative remedy.